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SAP ABAP
SAP has developed the popular enterprise programming coding language which is known as SAP ABAP (Advanced Business Application Programming). The SAP ABAP has productive usage in most of the big organizations around the globe to effectively run their business systems. If you are beginning to program or new to ABAP, or if you are a seasoned programmer but want to learn advanced ABAP features, this SAP ABAP certification course by Uplatz offers a way to enter rapidly growing real-time enterprise software arena.
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SAP ABAP (Advanced Business Application Programming) is a coding language that runs in the SAP ABAP runtime platform which is created and utilised by SAP for the development of application programs including:
· Reports
· Interface
· Module programming
· Forms
· Data conversions
· Type pools
· Object Class
SAP ABAP provides a framework and programming language for creating programs for client-server R/3 systems. The ABAP programs reside in the SAP database and are implemented under the runtime system control, which holds a part of the SAP kernel. The runtime environment is responsible for functioning ABAP statements, restricting the flow logic of screen modules, and responding to user interface functionalities.
The SAP ABAP language origin was initiated by developers to develop the SAP R/3 platform. The other intention for creating this ERP course is to increase the usage of SAP customers to develop SAP applications. The users can create custom reports, interfaces, forms using ABAP programming. The ABAP language origin is created from base programming languages such as Java, C, C++, and Python.
The SAP ABAP software is involved in software components. Some of the examples are:
· SAP_BASIS is the technical foundation layer which is essential in every ABAP systems.
· SAP_ABA comprises basic functionalities which is essential for different kinds of business applications.
· SAP_UI is responsible to create SAP User Interface applications.
· SAP_ABAP is a business enterprise programming language.
ABAP Workbench
The SAP ABAP workbench is considered as part of the SAP ABAP system and can be accessed through SAP GUI. There are various tools for editing coding programs. The ABAP workbench is used by SAP for developing standard and custom type application software. The important components are:
· ABAP Editor is responsible to handle programs.
· ABAP Dictionary is used to contain dictionary objects.
· Repository Browser is used to display the package components in hierarchical structure.
· Screen painter is used to maintain screen components for programs.
· Test and analysis tools to check and debug code.
· Data modeler is a supporting tool which handles graphic modelling.
· Workbench Organizer is used to maintain several projects and its distribution.
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Course Objective
Uplatz’s main intent to create this SAP ABAP training certified course is to help you understand the concepts of ABAP in depth as well as to equip you with the knowledge to develop business application programs. This SAP ABAP training course will instruct you the features and application of SAP ABAP from basic to advanced level and teaches you ABAP programming along with practical scenarios thus leading towards better job prospects.
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Target Audience
· Newbie coders
· SAP Consultants
· SAP Project team members
· SAP BASIS Consultants to expand their skills
· ABAP BW Consultants
· Application Developers
SAP ABAP
• Introduction to ERP
• Introduction to SAP/3, ABAP/4
• ABAP Editor
• System Landscapes
3 – Landscapes
4 – Landscapes
2 – Landscapes
• Data Types & Keywords
• Output Statements
• Arithmetic Operations
• Relational Operations
• Writing Small Programs
• String Operations
Translate
Condense
Concatenate
• Control Statements
• Selection Screens
Parameters
Select-Options
• Open SQL Statements (Insert, Modify, Delete, Update)
• Simple Reporting
2. Transport Organizer & Package Builder
• Why to Transport?
• Creation of a Task
• What is a Transport Request?
• Releasing of Request
• Package Creation
3. Data Dictionary
• Creation of Database Tables
• Data Element & Data Domain
• Structures & Table Types
• Search Helps
Elementary Search Help
Collective Search Help
• Creation of Views
Database View
Projection View
Maintenance View
Help View
• Type Groups
• Creation of Foreign Keys
• Check & Value Tables
4. Reporting
• Debugging Techniques
• Pillars of ABAP
Work Area
Internal Table
• Modularization Techniques
Sub-Routines
Includes
Function Modules
• For All Entries & Joins
• Events for Classical Reports
• Events for Interactive Reports
• Types of Messages & Message Class Creation
5. ABAP List Viewer
Introduction to ABAP List Viewer
Types of ABAP List Viewer
• Function Module for List Display
• Function Module for Grid Display
• Interactive ALV (SLIS)
6. Interfaces
• Introduction to Cross Applications
• Working with RFC Function Modules
• Overview of Business Objects
• Creation of Business Objects
• Creation of BAPI
7. Conversion
Why Data Transfer?
• Introduction to BDC
• Recording a Transaction
• Methods in BDC
Call Transaction
Session Method
• Flat File Creation
• Uploading Data
• LSMW (Legacy System Migration Workbench)
8. Enhancements
• Introduction to Enhancements
• User Exits
• Customer Exits
• Introduction to BAdIs (Business Add Ins)
• Implementation of a BAdI
• Overview of Enhancement Spots, Enhancement Sections, Enhancement Implementations, Class Enhancements
9. Forms (Scripts & SMARTFORMS)
• Introduction to Scripts
• Layout Sets
• SAP Scripts Elements
• Logo Inclusions
• Working with SMARTFORMS
• Standard Text
• Graphics Managements
• Writing Print Programs & Designing Layouts
• Output Type Configuration to Standard Orders
10. Object Oriented ABAP
• Fundamentals of Object Orientation
• Introduction to Local Classes & Methods
• Importance of Access Specifiers
• Simple Reporting using Local Classes & Methods
• Introduction to Global Classes & Interfaces
• Uses of Global Classes in Reports
11. Module Pool Programming
• Introduction to Module Pool
• Flow Logic
PAI (Process After Input)
PBO (Process Before Output)
• Screen Designing
• Programming in Object Browser
• Creation of Table Controls
• Dynamic Screens
Call Screen
Set Screen
Leave to Screen
Leave Screen
12. Sales & Distribution Flow
• Sales Cycles
Inquiry
Quotation
Purchase Order (MM)
Sales Order
Delivery
Billing
Returning Customer
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The "SAP Certified Development Associate- ABAP with SAP NetWeaver 7.40" certification exam conducted by SAP verifies that the candidate possesses foundational knowledge in the area of ABAP Development. This ABAP certification proves that the candidate has a fundamental understanding within the Development Consultant profile and is fluently able to apply the associated prerequisite skills practically under supervision of an expert consultant in a project environment.
At a high-level, the SAP ABAP Certification exam content is roughly divided into the following topics:
· ABAP Programming (>12%)
· ABAP Dictionary (>12%)
· Data Types and Data Objects (8% - 12%)
· Classical User Interfaces (8% - 12%)
· SQL Statements including Update Strategies (8% - 12%)
· Enhancements and Modifications (8% - 12%)
· ABAP Objects (8% - 12%)
· Web Dynpro for ABAP (<8%)
· SAP NetWeaver Overview (<8%)
· Internal Tables (<8%)
· ABAP Tools (<8%)
The SAP ABAP consultant certification is an online exam conducted by SAP SE, the known market leader in enterprise software. The SAP certifications is useful in validating the experience and knowledge of SAP partners, software application users, and professional consultants who are looking out for a career placement in SAP environment.
All SAP consultant certifications are now available as Cloud Certifications in the SAP Certification Hub and can be booked with product code CER006.
This SAP ABAP Certification training videos will provide you the necessary knowledge for helping you prepare and clear the SAP ABAP Certification.
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The SAP ABAP online certification course provides wide range of SAP ABAP job opportunities in growing IT industry. The leading IT companies such as TCS, IBM, Accenture, HCL Technologies, NIIT Limited have high demand for SAP ABAP consultant job openings in the industry.
The following are the common job titles in SAP ABAP field:
· SAP ABAP Developer
· Senior Solutions Architect
· IT Analyst
· SAP Lead Engineer
SAP ABAP programmers are in high demand in the industry and command huge salaries compared to their counterparts in other fields. In UK, the SAP ABAP Contractors can expect to earn between £300 and £500 per day depending on the experience. Permanent roles on SAP ABAP on average offer a salary of between £50k and £100k per annum, again depending on the experience required for the job. Permanent Lead roles requiring substantial experience can offer more than £100k per annum.
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Interview Questions
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1) What is SAP ABAP?
SAP is a type of software known as ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) that large company use to manage their day to day affairs. ABAP (Advanced Business Application Programming) is the coding language for SAP to develop RICEFW objects. (Reports, Interfaces, Extensions, Forms and Workflows).
2) What do you mean by an ABAP data dictionary?
To describe the logical structures of the objects that are used in application development ABAP 4 data dictionary is used. It is also used to show the underlying relational database in tables.
3) Explain the difference between pool tables and transparent tables?
Transparent tables: It has one to one relation with the table in the database. Its structure corresponds to single database field.
Pooled tables: It has many to one relation with the table in the database. Pooled tables are stored at the database level.
a) Basic List: For simple reports
b) Statistics: For Percentage, Average etc.
c) Ranked List : For analytical reports
4) What do you mean by BDC (Batch Data Communications) programming?
It is an automatic procedure to transfer large or external data into SAP system. 'Queue file' is the central component of the transfer, which receives the data through batch input programs and groups that are associated into 'sessions'.
5) Describe the data classes?
The data classes are classified into following classes
Master Data: The data in this class seldom change
Transaction Data: The data can be changed often in this class
Organization Data: This data is a customized data and is entered in the system when the system is configured. It is rarely changed.
System Data: This data is used by R/3 system itself
6) What are the internal tables?
Internal table exists only when the program is run. It is used for performing table calculations on subset of database tables and also for re-organizing the content of database tables as per the users need.
7) List down the functional modules used in sequence in BDC?
There are 3 functional modules which are used in sequence to perform data transfer successfully using BDC programming. They are
a) BDC_OPEN_GROUP
b) BDC_INSERT
c) BDC_CLOSE_GROUP
8) What is a foreign key relationship?
To ensure the consistency of data, foreign keys are used. The relationship established between the tables and must be explicitly defined at field level. Data entered should be checked against the existing data to ensure that there is no contradiction. Cardinality has to be specified while defining foreign key relationship.
9) In ABAP what are the differences between table and structure in data dictionary?
The difference between structure and table is
a) Data can be stored physically in Table, but a structure cannot
b) Structure does not have primary key but table can have
c) Table can have the technical attribute but the structure does not have
10) What is Smart Forms?
Smart forms allow you to create forms using a graphical design tool.
11) What are the components of SAP scripts?
For SAP, SAP scripts are a word processing tool. It has a function like standard text and layout sets. Its layout set consists of: Windows and pages, Character formats, Paragraph formats etc.
12) How to create 'table cluster'?
a) In ABAP dictionary, select object type Table, enter a table name and choose create
b) A field maintenance screen for the table is displayed. Table type Transparent table, set it as a default
c) Make the necessary entries in the short description and delivery classified on the Attributes page. Then define the fields of the table.
d) Proceed as when creating a transparent table. Now save your entries
e) Now choose EXTRASàChange table category
f) When a dialogue box appears you have to select the table type 'Pooled table' or 'Cluster table'
g) After selecting the table, return to the field maintenance screen for the table. Field pool or cluster name is displayed on the Attributes tab page in addition to the standard fields.
h) Now enter the name of the table cluster or table pool to which you want to assign the cluster table.
13) How can you format the data before write statement in the report?
By using the loop event the reports output can be formatted
a) .at first
b) .at new
c) .at last
14) Explain the difference between Template and Table?
The difference between the table and template is that, table is a dynamic and template is a static.
15) Mention what is ALV programming in ABAP? When is this grid used in ABAP?
ALV stands for Application List Viewer. To enhance the output of the report, SAP provides a set of ALV function modules which can be used, and it also improves the functionality and readability of any report output. It is an efficient tool used for arranging the columns in a report output.
16) When do we use End-of-selection?
End of the selection event is mostly used when we are writing HR-ABAP code. In the HR-ABAP code, data is retrieved in the start of selection event and printing on the list and all will be done at the end of the selection event.
17) Mention the difference between ABAP and OOABAP? In what situation do you use OOABAP?
ABAP is used to develop traditional programs in R/3, while OOABAP is used to develop BSP/ PCUI applications and also anything that an involved object oriented like BADI's and SmartForms etc.
18) What is table buffer? Which type of tables used this buffer?
Over here, buffer means memory area, table buffer means the table information is available on the application server. When you call data from database table, it will come from application server. Transparent tables and pool tables are buffered, while cluster table cannot be buffered.
19) What is the use of 'pretty printer'?
To format the ABAP code 'pretty printer' is used.
20) What is the difference between 'Type' and 'Like'?
'Type': You assign data type directly to the data object while declaring.
'Like': You assign the data type of another object to the declaring data object.
'Type' refers the existing data type while 'Like' refers to the existing data object.
21) What are the different ABAP/4 editors? What are the differences?
The 2 editors are SE38 and SE80 and both have the ABAP editor in place. In SE38 , you can create programs and view online reports and basically do all the development of objects in this editor. In SE80, there are additional features such as creating packages, function group, module pool, classes, programs and BSP applications.
22) Explain the difference between dialog program and a report?
A report is an executable program; dialog is a module pool program. It has to be executed via a transaction only. Dialog programming is used for customizations of screens.
23) What is lock object?
To synchronize access of several users using same data Lock objects are used.
24) How data is stored in cluster table?
A cluster table contains data from multiple DDIC tables. It stores data as name value pair.
25) How can you debug a script form?
To debug a script form, you have to follow
SE71-->give the form name->utilities->activate debugger
26) What are different types of data dictionary objects?
The different types of data dictionary objects are:
a) Tables
b) Views
c) Domain
d) Data Element
e) Type Groups
f) Search Helps/Matchcode Objects
g) Lock Objects
h) Structures
i) Table Types
27) What are the ways you can do the tuning? What are the major steps will you use for these?
Tunning can be done in three ways disk i/o, SQL tunning and memory tunning. Before tunning, you have to get the status of your database using oracle utility called statpack and tkprof .
28) In the 'select' statement what is 'group by'?
To fetch the data from the table by the specified field Group by Clause is used.
29) What is dispatcher?
A control agent referred as SAP dispatcher, manages resources for the R/3 applications.
30) Mention what are the two methods of modifying SAP standard tables?
There are two methods for modifying SAP standard tables
a) Append structures
b) Customizing includes
31) What is the difference between a 'Database index' and a 'Match code'?
'Database Index' contains fields from one table while 'Match Code' contain fields from several tables. Match code objects can be built on cluster tables, transparent tables and pooled tables.
32) Explain the benefits of modularization technique?
By using modularization techniques, you can avoid redundancy if the program contains the same or similar blocks of statements or it is required to process the same function several times. By modularizing the ABAP/4 programs, we make them easy to read and improve their structure. Modularized programs are also easier to maintain and update.
33) How can you create callable modules of program code within one ABAP/4 program?
a) By defining Macros
b) By creating include programs in the library.
34) What are different types of parameters? How can you distinguish between different kinds of parameters?
The different types of parameters are
a) Formal Parameters: It is defined during the definition of subroutine with the 'FORM' statement
b) Actual Parameters: It is specified during the call of a subroutine with the 'PERFORM' statement
You can distinguish different kind of parameters by their functionality. Input parameters are used to pass data to subroutines, while output parameters are used to pass data from subroutines.
35) What are the different databases Integrities?
a) Semantic Integrity
b) Relational Integrity
c) Primary Key Integrity
d) Value Set Integrity
e) Foreign Key Integrity
f) Operational Integrity
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