Apache Web Server
This Apache Web Server course introduces the delegate to the main concepts of the APACHE Web server. The course covers the basic operation of the web server, configuration, URL mapping, directory indexing, virtual hosting, performance tuning, and security.
Although this course is based on the Linux distribution, the delegate should be able to apply the concepts covered on this course to any APACHE Web Server, despite the OS differences, as the configuration is the same on all platforms.
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Who will the Course Benefit?
Programmers, administrators and support personnel who need to understand the APACHE Web Server, APACHE server configuration, and the integration with CGI scripts.
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Course Objectives
To provide the skills needed to; configure and manage the APACHE Web Server environment.
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Course Description
Apache Web Server online course get started with core concepts of apache web server. Apache Web Server online course intention is to provide a demonstration the core concepts of apache web server.
Apache Web Server online course will allow the participants to learn the benefits of implementing core concepts and configuration of apache web server.
Apache Web Server online course is ideally developed for programmers, developers who wants to expertise in web or application server administration.
In the Apache Web Server online training course, Uplatz provides an in-depth online training for the participants or learners to gain knowledge in improving the performance and scalability issues. Uplatz provides appropriate teaching and expertise training to equip the participants for implementing the learnt concepts in an enterprise.
Apache Web Server online training course curriculum covers instalment of apache web server, basic apache configuration, apache logging and status reporting.
With the help of Apache Web Server online course, the learners can:
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Inhouse Terminology and concepts related to the Apache Web Server
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Understand the key concepts of Apache Web Server
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Able to follow set of rules in Apache Web Server
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Able to execute modular and reusable code
Uplatz provides an in-depth training to the learners to accelerate their knowledge and skill set required for an Apache web Server.
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This is an Apache Web Server course by Uplatz.
Apache Web Server
Apache Web Server Training Course
Course Introduction
- Administration and Course Materials
- Course Structure and Agenda
- Delegate and Trainer Introductions
Session 1: INTRODUCTION TO THE APACHE WEB SERVER
- What is Apache
- Configuration Directories
- Web site Directories
- httpd
Session 2: BASIC CONFIGURATION
- Httpd conf file
- Security
- Performance
- Modules
- Listen
- Mime
- Web Pages
- Error Handling
Session 3: ACCESS CONTROL
- Access Control
- Block Directives
- Diretory Block
- Directory Match
- Location block
- IfModule Block
- CONTROLLING ACCESS
- Authenticated Access
- Authentication Directives
- Using an LDAP Authentication Source
- Behavioural Directives
- Options Directive
- Option Keywords
- AllowOverRide Directive
- DirectorySlash Directive
Session 4: LOGGING
- Custom Logging
- Logformat directive
- CustomLog directive
- String Format Syntax
- ErrorLog Formatting
Session 5: VIRTUAL HOSTING
- Multiple Sites (virtual hosting)
- Name based
- IP BASED
- Port based
- Dynamic Virtual Hosting
Apache Web Server Training Course
Session 6: APACHE PROXY
- Proxy Server
- Forward Proxying
- ProxyPass
- ProxyPassReverse
Session 7: LOAD BALANCING
- Load Balancing
- mod_proxy_balancer
- Load balancer scheduler algorithm
- Load balancing ‘stickyness’
- Balancing Methods
- Request Counting
- Weighted Traffic Counting Algorithm
- Pending Request Counting Algorithm
- Balancer Manager
Session 8: INDEXING
- Indexing
- Indexoptions
- FancyIndexing
- FoldersFirst
- HTMLTable
- IndexIgnore
- AddDescription
- AddIcon
- AddIconByType
Session 9: REWRITING
- Rewrite logging
- Using rewrite within Virtual hosts
- Regular Expressions
- Regex Back-Reference Availability
- Rewriterule Basics
- Rewriterule Flags
- Rewrite Conditions
- Accessing a Renamed File
- Different pages based on the time of day
Apache Web Server Training Course
Session 10: APACHE SSL
- Secure Socket Layer (SSL) for Apache
Session 11: APACHE AND PHP
- Apache with PHP
- Loading php module
- Enabling PHP in Apache
Session 12: APACHE AND TOMCAT
- Tomcat
Session 13: APACHE WORKSHOPS
- Workshop 1
- Workshop 1 solution
- Workshop 2
- Workshop 2 solution
- Workshop 3
- Workshop 3 solution
- Workshop 4
- Workshop 4 solution
- Workshop 5
- Workshop 5 solution
- Workshop 6
- Workshop 6 solution
- Workshop 7
- Workshop 7 solution
- Workshop 8
- Workshop 8 solution
Addendum: Reference Materials (Sections below are provided within the course handbook for additional reading)
Session 13: APPENDIX A - BUILDING AND INSTALLING APACHE
- Apache Binaries
- Directories and Permissions
- Modules
Apache Web Server online certification course with the help of expert professionals training is recognized across the globe. Because of the increased adoption of the Apache Web Server in various companies the participants are able to find the job opportunity easily. The leading companies hire apache webs server considering their skill of understanding concepts of Apache Tomcat web administration. Apache Web Server online certification course is known for their knowledge in developing interactive websites. After pursuing Apache Web Server online certification course the participants can become as a web developer, Javascript coder, front-end web developer, web administrative developer and can pursue a wide range of career paths.
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Apache Web Server Interview Questions
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1) What do you mean by Apache Web Server?
Apache web server is the HTTP web server which is open source and it is used for hosting the website.
2) How to check the Apache version?
You can use the command httpd -v.
3) Apache runs as which user? and location of main config file?
Apache runs with the user “nobody” and httpd daemon. Apache main configuration file: /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf (CentOS/RHEL/Fedora) and /etc/apache2.conf (Ubuntu/Debian).
4) What is the port of HTTP and https of Apache?
The port of HTTP is 80 and https is 443 in Apache.
5) How you will install the Apache server on Linux Machine?
This is the common Apache Interview Question asked in an interview. We can give the following command for Centos and Debian respectively:
Centos: yum install httpd
Debian: apt-get install apache2.
6) Can you tell me the important configuration file name?
httpd.conf is the main configuration file used in Apache.
7) What is Virtual Hosting?
This is a way of hosting more than one domain names on one server using a single IP address. This way, the single server can share its resources which may include memory, processor cycles among others to ensure its efficient use.
8) What are the various Types of Virtual Hosts in Apache?
There are two types of virtual hosts in Apache, namely name-based and IP-based. In the name based host, multiple names are prompted to run on each IP address. IP-based, on the contrary, has different IP addresses existing for each website that is hosted. The name-based is usually preferred for most configurations because of its need for only one IP address.
9) What Type of IP is Needed for Apache Web Servers to Host a Website?
The Apache web server can be used to host a website with a DSL connection as well as a static IP.
10) What is the Possible Reason for a ?Connection Reset by Peer? Error?
This error usually occurs when the end-user of the website ended a connection when the server response was still in the formation or transfer process.
11) Where are the configuration directories of Apache web server?
You can use the following command:
cd /etc/HTTP and type ls –l
12) Can we install two apache web server on the one Single machine?
The answer is Yes we can install the two apache web server on the one machine but we have to define two different ports on that.
13) What DocumentRoot refers in Apache?
It means the web file location which is stored on the server. For Eg: /var/www.
14) What do you mean by Alias Directive?
Alias directive is responsible for mapping resources in the file system.
15) What do you mean by Directory Index?
It is the name of the first file which apache server looks when any request will come from a domain.
16) Explain the difference between location and Directory.
For setting the element related with URL we use:: Location
It refers to the location of the files system of the server:: Directory
17) Can Apache be secured with TCP wrappers?
No, It can’t be secured with the TCP wrappers since it doesn’t support libwrap.a library of Linux.
18) How to change default Apache Port and How Listen Directive works in Apache?
There is a directive “Listen” in httpd.conf file which allows us to change the default Apache port. With the help of Listen directive we can make Apache listen on different port as well as different interfaces.
19) What do you mean by MPM in Apache?
In Apache, MPM stands for Multi-Processing Modules.
20) What is the difference between Worker and Prefork MPM?
Both MPMs, Worker and prefork has their own mechanism to work with Apache. It totally depends on you that in which mode you want to start your Apache.
1. Basic difference between Worker and MPM is in their process of spawning the child process. In the Prefork MPM, a master httpd process is started and this master process starts manages all other child processes to serve client requests. Whereas, In the worker MPM one httpd process is active, and it uses different threads to serve client requests.
2. Prefork MPM uses multiple child processes with one thread each, where worker MPM uses multiple child processes with many threads each.
3. Connection handling in the Prefork MPM, each process handles one connection at a time, whereas in the Worker mpm each thread handles one connection at a time.
4. Memory footprints Prefork MPM Large memory footprints, where Worker has smaller memory footprints.
21) What do you mean by mod_perl and mod_php?
mod_perl is used for enhancing the performance of Perl scripts.
mod_php is used for enhancing the performance of PHP scripts.
22) What do you mean by Mod_evasive?
It is the module which helps the web server to prevent web attacks for eg: DDOS.
23) What do you mean by Loglevel debug in httpd.conf file?
By the help of Loglevel debug we can find more information regarding the error logs which is used for solve the problem.
24) How to start and stop the Apache Web server?
This is the most popular Apache Interview Question asked in an interview. Inside the Apache instance location, there is a bin folder and inside the bin folder, there will be an executable script. We can use the below command in bin folder via terminal:
For start: ./apachectl start
For stop: ./apachectl stop
25) What is the command to change the default Listen port?
We can give the command like this Listen 9.126.8.139:8000 This command will change the default listen port and make the listening port is 8000.
26) What is the name of the WebLogic module?
WebLogic module name is so.
27) What is the log level of Apache?
The log level is: debug, info, warn, notice, crit, alarm, emerg, error.
28) How you will kill the Apache process?
We can use the below command:
Kill $PIDNUMBER
29) What’s the Major Difference between a Restart and a Graceful Restart of a Web Server such as Apache?
In a normal restart, the server that was running is stopped and then started once more. In the process, requests that had not been executed are lost. On the other hand, a graceful restart allows Apache children to continue serving the current requests until they can be substituted with children meant to run the new configuration upon restart.
30) What’s the Difference between Apache Web Server and Apache Tomcat?
While Apache Web is an HTTP server that serves static contents, the Tomcat is a servlet container which sets up JSP files. It is possible to integrate the two; however, you may be forced to choose one based on the requirements of the server clients.
31) What is meant by a Valid Server Name Directive?
The IP addresses are associated with their respective domain names with the help of the DNS system. Therefore the server Name is returned if the server generates a URL when using a given domain name. It is important to include it in your DNS system such that it becomes available for the clients visiting your website.
32) How you will check the httpd.conf consistency?
By giving the below command:
httpd –t
33) How you will enable the PHP scripts on the server?
We have to follow steps :
First, install mod_php.
Second run the command : AddHandler application/x-httpd-PHP .phtml .php
34) How to disable Directory listing when an index file is missing?
If, the main index file is missing in the website root directory, then the Apache will lists all the contents like files and folder of the website on the browser instead of Main website pages.
35) How to ensure Apache listens to only one IP address on the server?
This is often needed when you have multiple IPs on the server. To ensure Apache listens only on specified IP then you need to explicitly mention IP and port in Listen directive.
36) How to ensure the Apache run with non-root/nobody user?
This is doable by adding User & Group directive in httpd.conf file
User apache
Group apache
Copy
The above configuration example will ensure it starts with “apache” user. You must ensure users exist on the server before configuring it.
37) Which module is required to have redirection possible?
mod_rewrite is responsible for the redirection, and this must be uncommented in httpd.conf file.
38) How to secure a Website hosted on Apache Web Server?
There are multiple ways to secure the Apache webserver including the following.
- Implementing SSL
- Integrating with WAF (Web Application Firewall) like ModSecurity, etc.
- Using cloud-based security provider
39) How to create a CSR?
You can either use the following OpenSSL command or generate CSR online.
To create new CSR with a private key
openssl req -out geekflare.csr -newkey rsa:2048 -nodes -keyout geekflare.key
40) What module is needed to connect to WebSphere?
mod_was_ap22_http.so must be added in httpd.conf file to integrate with IBM WAS.
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