Automotive Embedded Systems & Applications
Learn Embedded Automotive Systems, Vehicle Informatics, Serial Interfaces, CAN & LIN Bus, TTP FLEXRAY, ZigBee, Car Comm, Vehicle Control, MOST System.Preview Automotive Embedded Systems & Applications course
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Automotive Embedded Systems are electronic systems that control or access data from mechanical equipment. It might be a single programmable chip (ARM, Cortex) or a microprocessor (DSPs, FPGAs, and ASICs, for example). These systems include a software application that is particularly built to do specific functions. They increase the vehicle's performance, security, and control. C, Embedded C++, Python, Rust, Ada, B#, and other programming languages are used to create applications for Automotive Embedded Systems.
Traction control, telematics, parking system, collision sensors, anti-lock brake system, and other features are prominent examples. Traffic fatalities and accidents have decreased dramatically over the previous decade, thanks entirely to Automotive Embedded Systems.
With the advent of technology, particularly in the domain of Internet of Things (IoT) and Artificial Intelligence, vehicles and automotive systems have become smarter. Cruise control, collision detectors, navigation systems, and several other such devices are implemented in private and commercial vehicles today. Such features are meant to aid the driver in getting better control of the vehicle, to increase security, or to use the data for analysis. These tools, technologies, and processes are collectively called automotive embedded systems. Global Automotive Embedded system market is expected to grow at a CAGR of over 7%, on the back of growing vehicle fleet and rise in the number of electric vehicles across the globe. The increasing demand for advanced safety and convenience systems, and rising trend of vehicle electrification in are some of the key factors fuelling the growth of Automotive Embedded System Market.
Why automotive embedded systems are in a great demand?
1).Growing vehicles sales - An extensive range of industries are involved in the designing, development and selling automobiles. Every year the sales and production of vehicles are increasing globally due to growing demand of consumers. Every vehicle manufactured is equipped with embedded system, this will drive the Global Automotive Embedded System Market. The most used embedded system in a vehicle includes adaptive cruise control, airbag, telematics, traction control, in-vehicle entertainment system, emission control system, parking system, navigation systems, collision sensors, climate control, radio, anti-lock braking system etc.
2).Increasing Focus on Vehicle Safety Features - Major example of active safety system could be recognised as pedestrian recognition, adaptive speed control, blind spot detection, lateral collision warning, cooperative lane changing indication, merging assistance, car breakdown warning, integrated car safety, etc. These features are anticipated to minimize the accident and accident related deaths. This is one of the major reason for the growth in the demand for embedded system market globally.
3).Increasing demand of automation - As the demand for safety and security of drivers and passengers along the roadside is increasing, the demand for connected car devices is also soaring globally. The connected car devices are also considered helpful in analysing accidents and breakdown data to provide valuable inputs both to car makers and road infrastructure designer and designer.
4).Growing Automotive Component Industry - The automotive component industry is expected to increase at a significant CAGR over the next five years due to increasing production and sales of vehicles every year. Every vehicle produced require components and embedded complete devices often including hardware and mechanical parts and it controls many devices. This will boost the demand for automotive embedded system market.
Automotive Embedded Systems & Applications course by Uplatz is a wonderful place to start if you want a lucrative career in the automotive sector. MCU peripheral programming, driver development for SPI, I2C, GPIO, USART, Prototype APIs, capturing/decoding, serial protocol analysis on logic analyzer, and other topics are covered in this course. To become a professional Automotive Embedded Systems, Engineer, you will study embedded systems programming language and many other skills.
Course/Topic - Automotive Embedded Systems & Applications - all lectures
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Lecture 1 - Automotive Safety Standards
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Lecture 2 - Automotive Embedded Applications
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Lecture 3 - Introduction to Automotive Systems
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Lecture 4 - Vehicle Informatics Introduction
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Lecture 5 - Serial Interfaces
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Lecture 6 - CAN and LIN Bus Protocol
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Lecture 7 - TTP FLEXRAY
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Lecture 8 - Vehicle Control
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Lecture 9 - Car Communication based on Bluetooth Link
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Lecture 10 - Wireless Networking Technologies - part 1
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Lecture 11 - Wireless Networking Technologies - part 2
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Lecture 12 - Wireless Networking Technologies - part 3
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Lecture 13 - Bluetooth Security
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Lecture 14 - ZigBee 802.15.4
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Lecture 15 - Bluetooth Low Energy
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Lecture 16 - Context aware Wearable Devices
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Lecture 17 - Components of Automotive Systems
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Lecture 18 - Input Output Interfacing
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Lecture 19 - Network Interface Cards
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Lecture 20 - Internet Standardization
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Lecture 21 - Jini Architecture
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Lecture 22 - IEEE 1394
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Lecture 23 - MOST Cooperation
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Lecture 24 - Survey of MOST System Architecture
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Lecture 25 - Survey of MOST Specifications
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Lecture 26 - MOST Application Framework - part 1
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Lecture 27 - MOST Application Framework - part 2
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Lecture 28 - MOST Protocols - part 1
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Lecture 29 - MOST Protocols - part 2
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Lecture 30 - MOST Physical Layer - part 1
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Lecture 31 - MOST Physical Layer - part 2
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Lecture 32 - MOST Network and Fault Management
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Lecture 33 - MOST Network Diagnostics
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Lecture 34 - MOST Network Services
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Lecture 35 - MOST Network Interface Controller - part 1
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Lecture 36 - MOST Network Interface Controller - part 2
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Lecture 37 - MOST Tools
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Lecture 38 - MOST Compliance Tests
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Lecture 39 - Testing MOST based Infotainment Systems
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Lecture 40 - Introduction to MOST150 in Series
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Lecture 41 - MOST150 Migration
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Lecture 42 - Manufacturing and Processing of MOST Components
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Lecture 43 - Accident and Injury Prevention - part 1
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Lecture 44 - Accident and Injury Prevention - part 2
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Lecture 45 - Accident and Injury Prevention - part 3
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Lecture 46 - Inter Vehicle Communication
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Lecture 47 - Connected Vehicles and Automated Vehicles
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Lecture 48 - AUTOSAR - part 1
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Lecture 49 - AUTOSAR - part 2
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Lecture 50 - AUTOSAR - part 3
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Lecture 51 - MICROSAR - part 1
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Lecture 52 - MICROSAR - part 2
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Lecture 53 - MICROSAR - part 3
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Lecture 54 - MICROSAR - part 4
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Lecture 55 - MICROSAR - part 5
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Lecture 56 - MICROSAR - part 6
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Lecture 57 - AUTOSAR Calibration - part 1
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Lecture 58 - AUTOSAR Calibration - part 2
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Lecture 59 - AUTOSAR Calibration - part 3
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Lecture 60 - Winter Driving
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Lecture 61 - Safe Vehicle Operation
1).Model-Based Development is a subject on which you should be well versed.
2).Model Development in the V Cycle
3).Techniques of V&V
4).SWC development for Autosar Application Layer
1).Automotive Safety Standards
2).Automotive Embedded Applications
3).Introduction to Automotive Systems
4).Vehicle Informatics Introduction
5).Serial Interfaces
6).CAN and LIN Bus
7).TTP FLEXRAY
8).Vehicle Control
9).Car Communication based on Bluetooth Link
10).Wireless Networking Technologies-I
11).Wireless Networking Technologies-II
12).Wireless Networking Technologies-III
13).Bluetooth Security
14).ZigBee 802.15.4
15).Bluetooth Low Energy
16).Context Aware and Wearable Computing
17).Components of Automotive Systems
18).Input Output Interfacing
19).Network Interface Cards
20).Internet Standardization
21).Jini Architecture
22).IEEE 1394
23).MOST Cooperation
24).Survey of MOST System Architecture
25).Survey of MOST Specifications
26).MOST Application Framework
27).MOST Protocols
28).MOST Physical Layer
29).MOST Network and Fault Management
30).MOST Network Diagnostics
31).MOST Network Services
32).MOST Network Interface Controller
33).MOST Tools
34).MOST Compliance Tests
35).Testing MOST based Infotainment Systems
36).Introduction to MOST150 in Series
37).MOST150 Migration
38).Manufacturing and Processing of MOST Components
1.Certified Embedded Systems Engineer (CESE)
Overview: This certification focuses on the core principles and technologies used in embedded systems, including those applicable to automotive applications. It is offered by various professional organizations and institutions.
Benefits:
a).Comprehensive Knowledge: Validates your understanding of embedded systems fundamentals, including hardware and software integration.
b).Industry Recognition: Enhances your credibility as an expert in embedded systems, including automotive applications.
c).Career Advancement: Opens opportunities for advanced roles in embedded systems development and integration.
2.Automotive SPICE (Software Process Improvement and Capability Determination) Certification
Overview: Automotive SPICE is a process assessment model used to evaluate and improve software development processes in automotive projects. Certification demonstrates adherence to these best practices.
Benefits:
a).Process Improvement: Validates your ability to apply best practices for software development and process improvement in automotive embedded systems.
b).Industry Standards: Demonstrates your commitment to industry standards and process excellence.
c).Career Opportunities: Positions you for roles involving software process management and improvement in automotive projects.
3. ISO 26262 Functional Safety Certification
Overview: This certification focuses on functional safety in automotive systems, including embedded systems. It ensures that safety-critical systems meet stringent safety standards.
Benefits:
a).Safety Expertise: Confirms your ability to design and manage safety-critical embedded systems in compliance with ISO 26262.
b).Regulatory Compliance: Provides knowledge essential for meeting functional safety requirements and standards.
c).Career Advancement: Opens doors to roles involving safety analysis, design, and management in automotive systems.
Q4. Automotive Embedded Systems Certification
Overview: Offered by specialized training organizations, this certification focuses on the design, implementation, and debugging of embedded systems specifically for automotive applications.
Benefits:
a).Specialized Knowledge: Provides in-depth training on automotive-specific embedded systems, including ECUs and control systems.
b).Professional Credibility: Enhances your qualifications for roles related to automotive embedded systems development.
c).Job Opportunities: Positions you for roles in automotive electronics and embedded systems development.
Q5. Certified Software Development Professional (CSDP)
Overview: Offered by the IEEE Computer Society, this certification is aimed at software development professionals and includes content relevant to embedded systems, including those used in automotive applications.
Benefits:
a).Advanced Software Skills: Validates your proficiency in software development practices, including those applicable to embedded systems.
b).Professional Recognition: Enhances your credibility and career prospects in the software development field.
c).Career Growth: Opens opportunities for advanced software development roles, including those in automotive embedded systems.
6. Embedded Systems Certification by ARM
Overview: ARM offers certifications related to embedded systems, including training on ARM-based processors commonly used in automotive applications.
Benefits:
a).Processor Expertise: Validates your skills in working with ARM processors, which are widely used in automotive embedded systems.
b).Industry Relevance: Provides training on industry-standard technology, enhancing your qualifications for roles involving ARM-based embedded systems.
c).Career Opportunities: Positions you for roles in automotive embedded systems development using ARM technology.
7. Automotive Control Systems Engineer Certification
Overview: Offered by specialized institutions, this certification focuses on the design and implementation of automotive control systems, which often involve embedded systems.
Benefits:
a).Focused Expertise: Confirms your specialized knowledge in automotive control systems, including embedded system design and integration.
b).Professional Development: Enhances your qualifications for roles involving automotive control technologies and embedded systems.
c).Competitive Advantage: Provides a credential that distinguishes you in the automotive embedded systems field.
8. Certified Functional Safety Expert (CFSE)
Overview: This certification focuses on functional safety in embedded systems, including automotive applications. It is offered by organizations specializing in safety and compliance.
Benefits:
a).Advanced Safety Knowledge: Validates your expertise in functional safety, including the design and management of safety-critical embedded systems.
b).Industry Standards: Demonstrates your commitment to high safety standards and best practices.
c).Career Advancement: Opens opportunities for roles involving safety-critical embedded systems and compliance with safety standards.
Each of these certifications offers distinct advantages and can significantly enhance your career by validating your skills and knowledge in automotive embedded systems and applications. They cater to different aspects of embedded system design, development, safety, and compliance.
After completing a course in Automotive Embedded Systems & Applications, individuals can pursue specialized roles within the automotive industry that focus on designing, developing, and implementing embedded systems for vehicles. Here are typical job roles and potential salary ranges:
Automotive Embedded Systems Engineer-Salaries for automotive embedded systems engineers typically range from $70,000 to $130,000 per year, depending on experience, location, and the complexity of projects.
a).Embedded Software Engineer (Automotive)-Salaries for embedded software engineers in the automotive sector range from approximately $75,000 to $140,000 annually.
b).Control Systems Engineer (Automotive)-Salaries for automotive control systems engineers can range from $70,000 to $140,000 per year.
c).Systems Integration Engineer (Automotive)-Salaries for automotive systems integration engineers typically range from $70,000 to $130,000 annually.
d).Automotive Research and Development (R&D) Engineer-Salaries for automotive R&D engineers can vary widely based on the scope of research and innovation. Generally, salaries range from $70,000 to $150,000 per year.
e).Embedded Hardware Engineer (Automotive)-Salaries for embedded hardware engineers in automotive sectors typically range from $75,000 to $140,000 annually.
f).Technical Consultant - Automotive Embedded Systems- Salaries for technical consultants in automotive engineering can range from $70,000 to $150,000 per year.
These salary ranges are approximate and can vary based on factors such as geographic location, industry sector (OEMs, suppliers, technology firms), educational background, certifications, and years of relevant experience. Advanced degrees, specialized certifications (such as in embedded systems or automotive engineering), and continuous professional development can further enhance career prospects and earning potential in the automotive embedded systems field.
Q1.What is Automotive embedded systerm?
Ans-An embedded system plays an essential role in automobile architecture. Because they used in the anti-lock braking system, telematics, music system, and safety airbags, radio, parking ability, etc. Additionally, it is important to know that electronic parts which are used in automobiles can be controlled digitally for most of the car operations. The electronic devices which are installed in an automobile can be categorized into engine electronics, safety device electronics, and chassis electronics, etc.
Q2.What are Automotive Software Tools?
Ans-Automotive software tools are designed to help you to simplify and shorten the time required to build safe and secure vehicle networking, electric vehicle control and body, and comfort applications, based on NXP microcontrollers and processors.
Q3.What is Vehicle Information System (VIS)?
Ans-This VIS system is developed as a web based system is used to make easy for accident record keeping and user can also get information about their vehicle tax payment details upon request or in subscription. Consequently this developed system will help and make easy the user specifically the staff who in charge in managing the vehicle records.
Q4. What are the functions of in-vehicle infotainment systems?
Ans-Control Elements: All the functionalities in the latest in-vehicle infotainment systems can be accessed and controlled using touch screen panel of the head unit, button panel, steering wheel controls and voice commands. Support Vehicle Functions: Infotainment systems support vehicle functions like parking assistance and lighting features (DRL).
Q5. CAN and LIN Protocols
Ans-Both the Controller Area Network (CAN) and Local Interconnect Network (LIN) protocols were created for the automotive market. CAN was designed as a high reliability and speed protocol (up to 1 Mbit/s) for the harsh environment of the car electrical bus. LIN was later added as a simple low-cost alternative for the control of non-critical modules on a vehicle. Both find occasional applications in lighting.
Many of the PIC18F, PIC24H, PIC32 microcontrollers, and dsPIC® DSCs include a complete CAN serial interface. The MCP25XX series of peripheral interfaces include several CAN transceiver and CAN I/O expander devices. All PIC® microcontroller devices offering an EUSART module (PIC18F devices and most recent PIC16F devices) offer direct support for LIN bus connectivity with auto-baud rate detection and specific low power features.
Q6. What is the difference between FlexRay and TTP?
Ans-From a behavioural viewpoint, FlexRay allows both time triggered as well as event-triggered applications, and from a structural viewpoint it allows more varied topologies than TTP, and specifies both copper or fibre.
Q7.How does FlexRay work with TDMA?
Ans-For a TDMA network such as FlexRay to work correctly, all nodes must be configured correctly. The FlexRay standard is adaptable to many different types of networks and allows network designers to make tradeoffs between network update speeds, deterministic data volume, and dynamic data volume among other parameters.
Q8. What is this system used for vehicle to vehicle communication?
Ans-This System are using for vehicle to vehicle communication is advanced Bluetooth communication system between vehicles.
Q9. Where are Bluetooth modules used in embedded systems?
Ans-Some of the embedded applications where Bluetooth modules are commonly used include barcode scanners, measurement/monitoring systems, industrial sensing and control, medical devices and asset tracking. (Courtesy of Microchip Technologies)
Q10. What is home automation embedded systems?
Ans-Home automation uses wired- and wireless-networking that can be used to control lights, climate, security, audio/visual, surveillance, etc., all of which use embedded devices for sensing and controlling. Transportation systems from flight to automobiles increasingly use embedded systems.
Q11. Are embedded systems mass-produced?
Ans-Some embedded systems are mass-produced, benefiting from economies of scale. Embedded systems range from portable devices such as digital watches and MP3 players, to large stationary installations like traffic lights, factory controllers, and largely complex systems like hybrid vehicles, MRI, and avionics.
Q12. What is Automotive Open System Architecture
Ans-AUTOSAR, the Automotive Open System Architecture, is growing to an accepted industrial standard for the development of automotive embedded software. The AUTOSAR design method describes a software development process starting at the architectural design up to the deployment of the developed software on embedded controllers.
Q13. What is the startup code?
Ans-Startup code is a code that is called before the execution of the main function. It creates a platform for an application to run. It is called an assembly language.
Q14.Mention what is the difference between microprocessor and microcontroller?
Ans-Microprocessor is manager of the resources (I/O, memory) which lie outside of its architecture.Microcontroller have I/O, memory, etc. built into it and specifically designed for control
Q15.What does DMA address will deal with?
Ans-DMA address deals with physical addresses. It is a device which directly drives the data and address bus during data transfer. So, it is purely physical address.
Q16. Explain what is interrupt latency? How can you reduce it?
Ans-Interrupt latency is a time taken to return from the interrupt service routine post handling a specific interrupt. By writing minor ISR routines, interrupt latency can be reduced.
Q17. What is the Semaphore?
Ans-It is a variable that is non-negative and can be shared between threads. It solves the critical selection problem and achieves synchronization in the processes.
Q18. What are the 2 types of Semaphore?
Ans-The 2 semaphores are Binary Semaphore and Counting Semaphore.
Q19. What is the full form of ISR?
Ans-ISR means Interrupt Service Routines. It is used when an interruption occurs. These procedures are stored at a memory location in the software.
Q20. What is a RISC architecture?
Ans-RISC architecture means Reduced instruction set computer architecture. It is a type of microprocessor architecture utilizing a small and highly optimized set of instructions to compute tasks in the least amount of time.
Q21. What is a reentrant function?
Ans-When a function can be interrupted during execution and can be called again safely, it is a reentrant function. The function resumes from the same point where it was left.
Q22.Which statement is faster ++I or i+1?
Ans- ++i is faster because it uses single machine instruction, but i+1 requires loading.
Q23. How can the errors in segmentation fault be avoided?
Ans-The Errors can be avoided in the following ways:
a).Initializing pointer properly
b). Minimizing the use of pointers
c). Troubleshooting
Q24. Why does interrupt latency happen?
Ans-It happens because
The signal synchronization with the CPU depends on the hardware of the processor. It can take up to 3 CPU cycles for a signal to reach the processor.
After the execution of an instruction, it takes some extra CPU cycles to refill the pipeline again with the instructions. This leads to latency.
Q25. How can you reduce interrupt latency?
Ans-Interrupt latency can be reduced by shortening the ISR routines.
Q26.How can you avoid a character pointer from pointing to a different address?
Ans-Since constant protects a pointer from modifications, The pointer should be defined as a constant character pointer.
Q27.What is a memory leak?
Ans-When the developers create objects or use the memory to help memory and then forget to free it before completing the program, a memory leak occurs. This leads to reduced memory availability and often crashes of the application.